Water-tube boiler



J. VAN OOSTERWYCK.

WATER TUBE BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 25. 19:3.

Patented Nov. 29, 1921, 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

J. VAN OOSTERWYCK. WATER TUBE BOILER.

APPLICATION HLED mums. 1913.

Patented Nov; 29, 1921.

2 SHgETS-SHEET 2.

' Fig? 3.

EQMwI JEAN VAN OOST ERWYCK, OF'LONCIN-ANS, BELGIUM.

WATER-TUBE BOILER.

' naeaeae.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 29, 1921;.

Application filed March 25, 1913. Serial No. 756,754;

(GRANTED UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF THE ACT OF MARCH 3, 1921, 41 STAT. L, 1313.)

.. Boilers.

In known, water tube boilers it is impossible to obtain energetic evaporation without a great deal of primmg, as the resistance of the water forces the steam bubbles to collect at certain places in the boiler and the said steam cushions or pockets become detached in jerks which raise the mass of water; These phenomena bring about priming. This spasmodic action prevents water from circulating on the heated walls, which is a disadvantage and a danger.

This invention relates to a multi-tubular boiler characterized by the fact that:

1. The complete cycle of circulation, up to the evolution of steam, is constituted by several closed circuits which makes it possible to generate a much greater quantity of steam than any other known boiler of the same volume, and at the same time to obtain absolutely dry steam.

2. The water is taken in the boiler at gradually higher and higher levels, circulates through elements of a volume successively decreasing as they approach the furnace, which renders the evaporation very energetic.

3. Only the element nearest to the furnace is capable of taking up'the radiation of the furnace, and evolves its steam above the level of water in the boiler through a large number of conduits of small diameter. These numerous conduits act so as to dissociate the large steam pockets which collect in the upper portion of the element nearest to the furnace, which insures the production of dry steam.

41. The conduits which evolve or disengage, above the level of water, the steam coming from the header which is nearest to the furnace, can be formed either by small tubes riveted to said header or by large tubes riveted to theheader in question and containing either several concentric tubes, the diameters of which are more and more reduced toward the center, or by numerous juxtaposed tubes of small diameter, or longitudinal partitions, or any other kind of submethod of formation of steam.

Fig. 4- is a cross-section-of a tube of large diameter for disengaging the steam, this tube containing many concentric tubes provided with openings of any shape, irregularly distributed and the diameters of which decrease respectively toward the center.

Fig. 5 is across-section of a tube of large diameter for disengaging steam and containing numerous juxtaposed tubes of small diameter, and

Fig. 6 is a cross-section of a tube of large diameter for disengaging steam, containing longitudinal partitions.

In Fig. 1 the furnace is marked 1.

In Figs. 1 and 2, groups of oblique tubes of heating surface of volume gradually decreasing toward the furnace, are marked respectively 2, 3, 41, 5. Headers are marked 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11. The water and steam drum is marked12. The header 6 is supplied with'the coolest water from the drum 12 by means of a feed tube 13. Hot water from the header 7 is discharged into the tank 12 by means of tubes 14;. The header 8 is fed with hotter water than that supplied to the header 6,-by a tube 15. Very hot water is discharged into the tank 12 by means of discharge tubes, one of which is marked 16. The header 10 is supplied with still hotter water than that supplied to the header 8, by feed tubes 17 Certain of the numerous tubes for disengaging dry steam,of small diameter, are marked 18.

In Fig. 1: 19, 20, 21 and 22 are baffle plates, and 23, 24., 25, 26 are arrows showing the path of the gases.

In Figs. 1 and 2, 27 indicates the surface of water. f

In Fig. 3: 1, 5, 10, 11,- 12, 17, 18 and 27 correspond to the parts shown in the preceding figures and marked with similar reference numbers. 28 shows the water of the drum 1 2. 29 is the water of the central layer of the volume 28 descending by gravity in the feed tube 17. 80 is water coming from 29 and strongly heated in the tubeso which are quite close to the furnace 1. 31 is very hot water contained in the header 11.

'32 is a large steam bubble occupying the .upper portion of the header 11. a 33 are small steam bubbles dissociated by the small diameter of the dischargetubes 18 and drawn energetically toward the upper portion of the drum 12. 9 f

In Fig. 1, 18 is a tube of large diameter for disengaging dry steam. 34, 34, 34 34 34*, 345 are concentric tubes of diameters which decrease toward the center. i

In Fig. 5, 18 is a tube for disengaging dry steam. 35, 35, 35 85 35* are numerous juxtaposed tubes of small diameter.

In Fig. 6, 18 is a tube of large diameter for disengaging dry steam 36, 36, 36 36 are longitudinal partitions having for. their purpose to destroy large'steam pockets, this being also the function of the concentric tubes 34:, 34', 34: 34: 3& 3 1 and of the juxtaposed tubes 35, 35, 35 35 In Figs. 4, 5 and 6, the numbers 37, 37 37 indicate openings of any suitable shapes and dimensions made on any suitable parts of the partitions, in order to facilitate the disengagement of steam.

The lowest layer, that is to say, the densest and the coolest layer of the water contained in the drum 12, escapes through the series of feed tubes 13, arrives at the header 6, passes through the groups of tubes similar to 2 and 3, then through the header 7 in order to rise again into the drum 12 through series of tubes similar to 14.

Water from a layer hotter than the first, escapes from the tank 12 through the series of feed tubes 15, arrives at the header 8, passes through groups of tubes similar to 4:, then through the header 9, in order to rise again into the drum 12 through series of tubes similar to 16.

Water from the upper layer, that is to say, the hottest water in the tank 12,- escapes through the series of feed tubes 17 arrives at the header 10, passes through the groups of tubes similar to 5, then through the header 11 in order to rise again into the drum in the form of steam through the series of tubes similar to 18.

The very small diameter of the latter tubes brings about the division of the steam pockets accumulated at the top of the header 11, without any spasmodic rising, which allows the steam to be energetically generated without priming.

Obviously the number of headers and groups of tubes, either descending or oblique or ascending, can beof any suitable number.

The diagrammatic Fig. 3, showing the generation of steam, shows clearly one of the characteristics ofhtheo invention. Owing to the small diameter of the numerous dischargeor disengagement tubes 18, the large steam bubbles having the tendency to form at 32, are dissociated and divided into a large number of steam bubbles which activelyescape through the small tubes 18,

without meeting therein masses of water which interfere with their rise. f T

This peculiarityrenders possible an energetic disengagement which is very favorable to the production of large quantities of dry steam. r

Having now fully described my said invention, what I claim and desire to secure "by Letters Patent is:

which connect said tube elements into independent elements, a water and steam drum having conduits connecting it with each of said elements, said conduits ending the higher inside the drum the farther said elements are' situated from the drum, the heating surface of said independent elements decreasing gradually toward the fire-grate.

3. In a multitubular boiler having a plurality of tubes forming groups which are independent of each other, a front and a rear header for each, independent group of tubes, said headers being just large enough to unite each of said groups, a steam and water drum, ascending conduits connecting said headers with the steam andwater drum and ending the higher inside said drum,the nearer the correspondingheaders are to the fire-grate, the heating surfaces of the said groupsgradually decreasing toward the firegrate.

4:. In a multitubular boiler, having a plurality'of tubes forming groups which are independent of each other, front and rear headers for each independent group of tubes a water and steam drum, connecting each header with said drum, said means termihating inside said drum at levels which are the higher the farther off the corresponding tube group is away from said drum, the heating surface of said groups decreasing successively toward the fire-grate, said means feedingthe upper group through the upper part ofits rear-header and each one part.

5. In a multitubular boiler, having a drum and inclined tubes, divided into independent groups one above the other, a front and rear header for each group, feeding conduits and discharge conduits for each of said headers, said conduits terminating inside the drum at successively higher levels; the heating surfaces of each independent group successively decreasing toward the fire-grate, the conduits for the lowermost front header being subdivided into longitudinal passages ending inside the drum above the normal water level.

6. In a multitubular boiler, having a drum and inclined tubes, divided into independent groups one above the other, a front and rear header for each group, feeding conduits and discharge conduits, for each of said headers, said conduits terminating inside the drum at successively higher levels; the heating surfaces of each independent group successively decreasing toward the firegrate, the conduits for the lowermost front header being subdivided into longitudinal passages ending inside the drum above'the normal water level, said passages being intercommunicating.

7. In a multitubular boiler having a drum and inclined tubes divided into independent groups one above the other, a front and rear header for each group, feeding conduits and discharge conduits for each of said headers, said conduits terminating inside the drum at successively higher levels; the heating surfaces of each independent group successively decreasing toward the fire-grate, the conduits for the lowermost front header comprising a plurality of main pipes, each of said main pipes inclosing a plurality of smaller pipes of the same length, each of said smaller pipes having perforations.

8. In a multitubular boiler having a drum and inclined tubes divided into independent groups one above the other, a front and rear header for each group, feeding conduits and discharge conduits for each of said headers, said conduits terminating inside the drum at successively higher levels; the heating surfaces of each independent group successively decreasing toward the fire-grate; the tubes in one of said groups being staggered.

9. In a multitubular boiler having a drum and inclined tubes divided into independent groups one above the other, a front and rear header for each group, feeding conduits and discharge conduits for each of said headers, said conduits terminating inside the drum at successively higher levels; the heating surfaces of each independent group successively decreasing toward the fire-grate, the tubes in the lowermost groupbeing staggered.

10. In a multitubular boiler having a said smaller pipes having perforations, the

lowermost front header being situated beyond the direct action of the flame of the iuel.

11. In a multitubular boiler having a drum and inclined tubes divided into'independent groups one above the other, a front and rear header for each group, feeding conduits and discharge conduits for each of said headers, said conduits terminating insidethe drum at successively higher levels; the heating surfaces of each independent group successively decreasing toward the fire-grate, the conduits for the lowermost front header comprising a plurality of main pipes, each of said main pipes inclosing a plurality of smaller pipes of the same length, each of said smaller pipes having perforations, the lowermost front header being situated beyond the direct action of the flame of the fuel and baffle plates between the tubes forming the independent groups, to guide the gases of combustion.

12. In a multitubular boiler, having a plurality of tubes forming groups which are independent of each other, front and rear headers for each independent group of tubes, a water and steam drum, connecting each header with said drum, said means terminating inside said drum at levels which are the higher the farther off the corresponding tube group is away from said drum, the heating surface of said groups decreasing successively toward the fire-grate, said means feeding the upper group through the upper part of its rear header and each one of the lower headers through its lower part and said means also discharging the contents of each front-header throughits upper part and baffle plates between the tubes forming the independent groups to guide the combustion gases.

The foregoing specification signed at Brussels this fourteenth day of March, 1908.

I J EAN VAN OOSTERWYCK.

In presence of- E. Ham, CHAS. ROY NAsMrrH. 

